Cron Expression Format & Syntax

Break down the standard 5-field cron expression format step by step.

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A standard Unix cron expression consists of 5 whitespace-separated fields:

┌───────────── Minute (0 - 59)
│ ┌─────────── Hour (0 - 23)
│ │ ┌───────── Day of Month (1 - 31)
│ │ │ ┌─────── Month (1 - 12 or JAN - DEC)
│ │ │ │ ┌───── Day of Week (0 - 7, where 0 and 7 are Sunday)
│ │ │ │ │
* * * * *

Allowed Values per Field

FieldRequiredAllowed ValuesAllowed Special Characters
MinuteYes0–59* , - /
HourYes0–23* , - /
Day of MonthYes1–31* , - / ? L W
MonthYes1–12 or JAN–DEC* , - /
Day of WeekYes0–7 (0/7 = Sun) or SUN–SAT* , - / ? L #